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At millions of calls a day, do you guarantee structured output with constrained decoding or validate-and-retry? Defend the economics.

The escalation ladder is settled; the at-scale tradeoff is not. Why retries quietly multiply your bill and tail latency, why constrained decoding has its own taxes, and the hybrid that most high-volume pipelines actually run.

Updated Sep 2026 · Grounded in real Forward Deployed Engineer interview loops and written to a senior-engineer editorial bar.

The escalation ladder is settled; the at-scale tradeoff is not. Why retries quietly multiply your bill and tail latency, why constrained decoding has its own taxes, and the hybrid that most high-volume pipelines actually run.

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